Pasen: Grammer and Words
This post would brief on effect of grammar elements on the constructed language - and for illustration, I would take the language, Pasen, that would be used in the world of Chaos And Order.
The following two posts made earlier in the World-Building section are related:
The way one lays down the constraints on the syllables in a word that is part of grammar, actually shapes the language. For Pasen, I have put down the following grammar-syllable constraints for now:
- Nouns:
- There is no definite article (the) or indefinite article (a, an).
- Nouns are not inflected for plural or gender.
- Pronouns:
- Personal pronouns end with /e/, they are not inflected for number or gender.
- First person pronoun ("I, me, we, us") is |ne|.
- Second person pronoun ("You") is |ke|.
- Third person pronoun ("he, she, they, it, him, her, them) is |te|.
- All possessive pronouns ("mine, yours, his...") is formed, appending /r/. ( |ner, ker, ter|)
- Adjectives:
- Adjectives end with /i/
- Comparitive is made by prefixing |wi-|
- Superlative is made by prefixing |pi-|
- Verbs:
- Verbs end with /u/
- Verbs undergo no change with respect with regard to person or number or tense.
- Adverbs:
- Adversb end with /e/
- Comparitive is made by prefixing |wi-|
- Superlative is made by prefixing |pi-|
- Prepositions: Prepositions end with |-er|
One may choose to ignore some of the above rules or add to it. I have skipped the singular and plural inflection on the nouns, but you may include that. You may also include singular, dual and plural or many such variations to build richness and complexity into the language.
Here is a sample of words that are created that adhere to the syllable constraints and also the grammer constraints:
| English | Pasen | Parts of Speech |
|---|---|---|
| bad | kesi | adjective |
| big | padi | adjective |
| cold | wumi | adjective |
| good | pali | adjective |
| hot | masi | adjective |
| small | koti | adjective |
| bad | kese | adverb |
| good | pale | adverb |
| animal | pikas | noun |
| bad | kes | noun |
| Brother | kar | noun |
| Child | disar | noun |
| Daughter | dar | noun |
| Father | par | noun |
| Food | puran | noun |
| good | pal | noun |
| hate | sel | noun |
| Land | purim | noun |
| Language | pasen | noun |
| love | rem | noun |
| Man | nar | noun |
| Mother | mar | noun |
| Parent | mipar | noun |
| Sister | tar | noun |
| Sky | kakan | noun |
| Son | sar | noun |
| Water | til | noun |
| Woman | nari | noun |
| after | morer | preposition |
| at | keter | preposition |
| before | deser | preposition |
| for | ser | preposition |
| from | der | preposition |
| in | lamer | preposition |
| of | kiner | preposition |
| out | tamer | preposition |
| over | paker | preposition |
| through | pumer | preposition |
| to | ler | preposition |
| under | kaper | preposition |
| He/she/they/it/him/her/them | te | pronoun |
| His/hers/its/theirs | ter | pronoun |
| I | ne | pronoun |
| Mine | ner | pronoun |
| You | ke | pronoun |
| Yours | ker | pronoun |
| attack | akram | verb |
| drink | panu | verb |
| eat | paku | verb |
| hate | selu | verb |
| kill | moru | verb |
| love | remu | verb |
| see | siku | verb |
| sleep | nidu | verb |
| Talk/say | waku | verb |
| walk/run | kalu | verb |
One could go on adding words to this as and when necessity arises. The purpose of Pasen though, is just to provide a naming language, and may be few verses in terms of praises and curses that would be used in the world of Chaos And Order.
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